部署环境

项目	内容
服务器	鲲鹏 920 服务器（aarch64）
NPU 卡	昇腾 310P
操作系统	UOS V2500
CANN 版本	8.3.RC2

如果使用其他版本 NPU 卡或者 CANN 版本，请从昇腾官网下载对应的驱动和套件安装包。

准备安装运行用户

本文档示例步骤将以 root 安装驱动、固件，以 HwHiAiUser 为驱动固件运行用户和运行用户属组。执行如下命令，创建 HwHiAiUser 用户和用户属组：

groupadd HwHiAiUser
useradd -g HwHiAiUser -d /home/HwHiAiUser -m HwHiAiUser -s /bin/bash

安装 NPU 驱动

步骤 1：检查源是否可用

yum update
yum install python3-pip
pip3 install --upgrade pip -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
ln -s /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip

如果命令执行报错或等待时间过长，则检查网络是否连接或者修改 /etc/yum.repos.d/UnionTechOS-aarch64.repo 文件配置。更新完成后重启系统。

步骤 2：修改执行权限并校验软件包

进入软件包所在目录 /root。执行如下命令修改执行权限和检验软件包的一致性和完整性：

chmod +x Ascend-hdk-310p-npu-driver_25.3.rc1_linux-aarch64.run
chmod +x Ascend-hdk-310p-npu-firmware_7.8.0.2.212.run
./Ascend-hdk-310p-npu-driver_24.1.rc2_linux-aarch64.run --check
./Ascend-hdk-310p-npu-firmware_7.3.0.1.231.run --check

出现如下回显信息，表示软件包检验成功：

Verifying archive integrity...  100%   SHA256 checksums are OK. All good.

步骤 3：安装驱动

软件包默认安装路径为 /usr/local/Ascend。

安装驱动：

./Ascend-hdk-310p-npu-driver_25.3.rc1_linux-aarch64.run --full --install-for-all

若出现如下信息，则表示驱动安装成功：

Verifying archive integrity...  100%   SHA256 checksums are OK. All good.
Uncompressing ASCEND DRIVER RUN PACKAGE  100%
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:57:39] [INFO]Start time: 2025-02-13 15:57:39
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:57:39] [INFO]LogFile: /var/log/ascend_seclog/ascend_install.log
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:57:39] [INFO]OperationLogFile: /var/log/ascend_seclog/operation.log
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:57:39] [INFO]base version is none.
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:57:39] [WARNING]Do not power off or restart the system during the installation/upgrade
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:57:39] [INFO]set username and usergroup, HwHiAiUser:HwHiAiUser
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:57:51] [INFO]driver install type: Rebuild
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:57:51] [INFO]Rebuilding by kernel path(/lib/modules/4.19.90-2403.3.0.0270.95.uel20.aarch64/build), detail in /var/log/ascend_seclog/ascend_rebuild.log
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:58:10] [INFO]upgradePercentage:10%
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:58:14] [INFO]upgradePercentage:30%
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:58:15] [INFO]upgradePercentage:40%
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:58:21] [INFO]upgradePercentage:90%
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:58:23] [INFO]Waiting for device startup...
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:58:23] [INFO]Device startup success
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:58:33] [INFO]upgradePercentage:100%
[Driver] [2025-02-13 15:58:35] [INFO]Driver package installed successfully! Reboot needed for installation/upgrade to take effect!

安装固件：

./Ascend-hdk-310p-npu-firmware_7.8.0.2.212.run --full

若出现如下信息，则表示固件安装成功：

Verifying archive integrity...  100%   SHA256 checksums are OK. All good.
Uncompressing ASCEND-HDK-310P-NPU FIRMWARE RUN PACKAGE  100%
[Firmware] [2025-02-13 16:02:57] [INFO]Start time: 2025-02-13 16:02:57
[Firmware] [2025-02-13 16:02:57] [INFO]LogFile: /var/log/ascend_seclog/ascend_install.log
[Firmware] [2025-02-13 16:02:57] [INFO]OperationLogFile: /var/log/ascend_seclog/operation.log
[Firmware] [2025-02-13 16:02:58] [WARNING]Do not power off or restart the system during the installation/upgrade
[Firmware] [2025-02-13 16:03:01] [INFO]upgradePercentage: 79%
[Firmware] [2025-02-13 16:03:07] [INFO]upgradePercentage: 100%
[Firmware] [2025-02-13 16:03:07] [INFO]The firmware of [1] chips are successfully upgraded.
[Firmware] [2025-02-13 16:03:12] [INFO]Firmware package installed successfully! Reboot now or after driver installation for the installation/upgrade to take effect.

步骤 4：重启系统

reboot

步骤 5：验证驱动加载

npu-smi info

若返回驱动相关信息说明加载成功；否则说明加载失败。

常见问题解决

错误 1：Drv_dkms_env_check failed

问题描述：

Drv_dkms_env_check failed, details in :/var/log/ascend_seclog/ascend_install.log

解决方法：

yum install kernel-devel kernel-headers -y

错误 2：Dkms install failed

问题描述：

[ERROR]Dkms install failed, details in : var/log/ascend_seclog/ascend_install.log.
[ERROR]Driver_ko_install failed, details in : /var/log/ascend_seclog/ascend_install.log.

解决方法：

cd /var/lib/dkms
rm -rf davinci_ascend

错误 3：缺少工具 lspci 和 ifconfig

问题描述：

[ERROR]The list of missing tools: lspci,ifconfig

解决方法：

yum install -y net-tools pciutils